What is the purpose of a penetration test?

A penetration test serves a critical purpose in the field of cybersecurity by simulating potential attacks on systems, networks, or applications to identify vulnerabilities and weaknesses. This proactive approach allows organizations to assess their security posture before actual attackers can exploit these weaknesses.

The process involves ethical hackers attempting to breach systems using various techniques that malicious actors might use, providing a realistic evaluation of a system's security. By identifying vulnerabilities through this testing, organizations can implement appropriate countermeasures, strengthen their defenses, and ultimately reduce the risk of a successful cyber-attack.

Other options do not align with the core objectives of a penetration test. While conducting market research, teaching employees about security policies, and improving customer service interactions are important business functions, they do not relate to the evaluation and enhancement of an organization's security measures against potential cyber threats.